Among other things, this technology is the reason young people are spending increasingly more time online than offline, prompting numerous risks that they are sometimes unaware of. Social media, interactive games, and digital platforms are just some of the ways in which the internet has become part of our lives, and more specifically so among young people. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. A total of 27 independent cross-sectional studies were eligible for inclusion in the Declaration of competing interest This meta-analysis, therefore, sought to summarize the available research examining the relationship between general social media use and engagement in risky behaviors during adolescence. DiscussionĪdolescence is a developmental period characterized by extensive social media use, high rates of risky behaviors, and a heightened salience of peers (Gerwin et al., 2018 Kann et al., 2018 Pew Research Center, 2018b). Table 2 provides a summary of the findings for meta-analytic results examining the associations between social media use and risky behaviors during adolescence. Multiple search strategies were used to identify potentially eligible studies examining the association between social media use and risky behaviors during adolescence.įirst, three electronic bibliographic databases were searched to identify an initial pool of potential studies, including PubMed, PsycInfo, and Results This review adhered to the guidelines described in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement (Moher, Liberati, Tetzlaff, & Altman, 2010). It is imperative to examine the magnitude of the associations between social media use and engagement in risky behaviors systematically across studies so that informed conclusions can be drawn to Literature search There is a burgeoning body of literature examining the relationship between social media use and engagement in risky behaviors during adolescence in light of adolescents’ pervasive use of social media, increased neurobiological propensity for risk taking, and enhanced susceptibility to peer influence. According to the displacement hypothesis (Kraut et al., 1998), frequent social media use replaces time spent on health-related behaviors, such as The present study The co-occurring trends of increased social media use and changes in risky behaviors among adolescents over the past decade may be related to each other, as the behavioral manifestation of adolescent risk taking and sensation seeking has been shown to change in relation to broader social and cultural factors throughout history (Crone & Konijn, 2018). Section snippets Social media use and risky behaviors In addition, younger samples had larger effect sizes for studies focused on social media use and risky sexual behaviors. Moderator analyses suggested that studies assessing solely early social media platforms (e.g., Facebook/MySpace only) in relation to substance use had smaller effect sizes than substance use studies assessing a broader range of contemporary social media platforms. There were an insufficient number of independent samples available to conduct a random effect models for violence-related behaviors ( k = 3). Results from random effects models indicated that there were positive, small-to-medium correlations between social media use and engagement in risky behaviors generally ( r = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.16-0.25), substance use ( r = 0.19, 95% CI = 0.12-0.26), and risky sexual behaviors ( r = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.15-0.28). The final sample included 27 independent cross-sectional studies with a total of 67,407 adolescents ( M age = 15.5, range: 12.6–18.0 years 51.7% girls 57.2% White).
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